SC, ST, OBC Full Form: Kya Hai?

by Wholesomestory Johnson 32 views

SC, ST, and OBC Full Form: A Comprehensive Guide

Namaste doston! Aaj hum SC, ST, aur OBC ke full forms aur in shabdon ke mahatva ko vistaar se samjhenge. Aksar hum in abbreviations ko sunte hain, lekin inke piche ka arth aur samajik sandarbh jaanana bahut zaroori hai. Chaliye, shuru karte hain!

Correct Answer

SC ka full form hai Scheduled Castes, ST ka full form hai Scheduled Tribes, aur OBC ka full form hai Other Backward Classes.

Detailed Explanation

Ab hum in teenon terms ko ek-ek karke detail mein samjhenge:

Scheduled Castes (SC)

Scheduled Castes, jinhe hum aksar Dalit bhi kehte hain, Bharat ke un samuhon ko darshata hai jo aitihasik roop se samajik aur arthik roop se pichde rahe hain. British shasan ke dauran, in jaatiyon ko ek schedule mein suchibaddh kiya gaya tha, isliye inhe Scheduled Castes kaha gaya.

Historical Background:

Scheduled Castes ke logon ne sadiyon se jaati-aadhaarit bhedbhav aur asprishyta (untouchability) ka saamna kiya hai. Inhe samaj ke mukhya dhara se alag rakha gaya aur shiksha, rojgar, aur anya avsaron se vanchit kiya gaya. Swatantrata ke baad, Bharat sarkar ne in samuhon ko utthan dene aur samajik samaanta sunishchit karne ke liye kai kadam uthaye.

Constitutional Provisions:

Bhartiya sanvidhaan Scheduled Castes ko kai sanrakshan aur adhikar pradaan karta hai:

  • Article 15: Yeh dharm, nasl, jaati, ling, ya janm sthan ke aadhaar par bhedbhav ko nishedh karta hai.
  • Article 17: Yeh asprishyta (untouchability) ko samapt karta hai.
  • Article 46: Rajya Scheduled Castes aur Scheduled Tribes ke shiksha aur arthik hiton ko badhava dega, aur unhe samajik anyayon aur shoshan se bachayega.
  • Article 330: Lok Sabha mein Scheduled Castes ke liye seaton ka aarakshan.
  • Article 332: Rajya Vidhan Sabhaon mein Scheduled Castes ke liye seaton ka aarakshan.

Key Initiatives:

Sarkar ne Scheduled Castes ke utthan ke liye kai yojanaen aur karyakram shuru kiye hain, jaise ki:

  • Scholarship Schemes: Shiksha ko badhava dene ke liye chhatravritti yojanaen.
  • Reservation in Jobs: Sarkari naukriyon mein aarakshan.
  • Prevention of Atrocities Act: Scheduled Castes ke khilaaf hone wale atyacharon ko rokne ke liye kanun.

Scheduled Tribes (ST)

Scheduled Tribes, jinhe Adivasi bhi kaha jata hai, Bharat ke un mool nivasi samuhon ko darshata hai jo aitihasik roop se vanon aur durdharaj ke ilaakon mein rehte hain. Inki ek alag sanskriti, bhasha, aur jeevan shaili hoti hai.

Historical Background:

Scheduled Tribes ke logon ne sadiyon se apne alag sanskritik pahchan ko banaye rakha hai. Halanki, ve arthik aur samajik roop se pichde rahe hain, aur unhe vikas ke avsaron se door rakha gaya hai. Swatantrata ke baad, Bharat sarkar ne in samuhon ko mukhya dhara mein laane aur unke adhikaroon ko sanrakshit karne ke liye kai kadam uthaye.

Constitutional Provisions:

Bhartiya sanvidhaan Scheduled Tribes ko kai sanrakshan aur adhikar pradaan karta hai:

  • Article 15: Yeh dharm, nasl, jaati, ling, ya janm sthan ke aadhaar par bhedbhav ko nishedh karta hai.
  • Article 244: Scheduled Areas aur Tribal Areas ke prashasan ke liye vishesh pravdhan.
  • Article 330: Lok Sabha mein Scheduled Tribes ke liye seaton ka aarakshan.
  • Article 332: Rajya Vidhan Sabhaon mein Scheduled Tribes ke liye seaton ka aarakshan.
  • Article 338A: Scheduled Tribes ke liye Rashtriya Aayog.

Key Initiatives:

Sarkar ne Scheduled Tribes ke utthan ke liye kai yojanaen aur karyakram shuru kiye hain, jaise ki:

  • Forest Rights Act: Jangal mein rehne wale logon ke adhikaroon ko manyata dena.
  • Tribal Sub-Plan: Tribal vikas ke liye vittiya pravdhan.
  • Education and Health Programs: Shiksha aur swasthya sevaon ko badhava dena.

Other Backward Classes (OBC)

Other Backward Classes (OBC) Bharat mein un samuhon ko darshata hai jo samajik aur shaikshanik roop se pichde hain, lekin Scheduled Castes aur Scheduled Tribes mein shamil nahi hain. In samuhon ki pahchan Mandal Commission ki report ke baad hui, jisne sarkari naukriyon aur shiksha mein inke liye aarakshan ki sifarish ki.

Historical Background:

OBC samuhon mein kai jaatiyan aur samuday shamil hain jo aitihasik roop se samajik aur shaikshanik roop se pichde rahe hain. Inhe aksar shiksha, rojgar, aur samajik samman ke avsaron se vanchit kiya gaya hai. Mandal Commission ki sifarishon ke baad, in samuhon ko aarakshan pradaan kiya gaya, jisse unke utthan mein madad mili.

Constitutional Provisions:

Bhartiya sanvidhaan OBC ko kai sanrakshan aur adhikar pradaan karta hai:

  • Article 15(4): Rajya ko samajik aur shaikshanik roop se pichde vargon ke liye vishesh pravdhan banane ki anumati deta hai.
  • Article 16(4): Rajya ko pichde vargon ke liye sarkari naukriyon mein aarakshan pradaan karne ki anumati deta hai.
  • Article 340: Pichde vargon ki sthiti ki jaanch ke liye ek aayog ki niyukti ka pravdhan.

Key Initiatives:

Sarkar ne OBC ke utthan ke liye kai yojanaen aur karyakram shuru kiye hain, jaise ki:

  • Reservation in Jobs and Education: Sarkari naukriyon aur shiksha mein aarakshan.
  • Scholarship Schemes: Shiksha ko badhava dene ke liye chhatravritti yojanaen.
  • National Backward Classes Finance and Development Corporation: Pichde vargon ke arthik vikas ke liye vittiya sahayata.

Key Concepts

  • Scheduled Castes (SC): Ve jaatiyan jo aitihasik roop se samajik aur arthik roop se pichdi rahi hain.
  • Scheduled Tribes (ST): Ve mool nivasi samuh jo aitihasik roop se vanon aur durdharaj ke ilaakon mein rehte hain.
  • Other Backward Classes (OBC): Ve samuh jo samajik aur shaikshanik roop se pichde hain, lekin SC aur ST mein shamil nahi hain.
  • Reservation: Sarkari naukriyon aur shiksha mein seaton ka aarakshan, jisse pichde vargon ko utthan mil sake.
  • Constitutional Provisions: Sanvidhaan mein diye gaye sanrakshan aur adhikar, jo pichde vargon ke hiton ki raksha karte hain.

Analogy

In teenon vargon ko samajhne ke liye, hum ise ek daud pratiyogita ki tarah dekh sakte hain. Maan lijiye, ek daud mein kuch pratibhagi aise hain jinhone shuru se hi kai badhaaon ka saamna kiya hai. Scheduled Castes aur Scheduled Tribes un pratibhagiyon ki tarah hain jinhe samajik aur arthik roop se pichde hone ke karan shuruwat mein hi piche chhod diya gaya tha. Other Backward Classes un pratibhagiyon ki tarah hain jo pichde to hain, lekin unhe utni kathinaiyon ka saamna nahi karna pada jitna SC aur ST ko. Aarakshan ek tarah ka boost hai, jo in pratibhagiyon ko anya pratibhagiyon ke barabar aane mein madad karta hai, jisse ve bhi safalta prapt kar sakein.

Key Takeaways

  • SC ka full form Scheduled Castes hai, jo aitihasik roop se pichdi jaatiyon ko darshata hai.
  • ST ka full form Scheduled Tribes hai, jo Bharat ke mool nivasi samuhon ko darshata hai.
  • OBC ka full form Other Backward Classes hai, jo samajik aur shaikshanik roop se pichde vargon ko darshata hai.
  • Bhartiya sanvidhaan in teenon vargon ko sanrakshan aur adhikar pradaan karta hai.
  • Sarkar ne in vargon ke utthan ke liye kai yojanaen aur karyakram shuru kiye hain.

Mujhe ummeed hai ki is vistaar se aapko SC, ST, aur OBC ke full forms aur unke mahatva ko samajhne mein madad mili hogi. Agar aapke koi aur sawal hain, to poochhne mein jhijhak mat karna! Dhanyavaad!