# Visheshan Kitne Prakar Ke Hote Hain? - Jaane Hindi Vyakaran Mein Visheshan Ke Bhed
Namaste! Kya aap jaanana chahte hain ki **visheshan kitne prakar ke hote hain**? Chinta mat kijiye, hum aapko is sawal ka ek spasht aur vistrit jawab denge, jo aapki Hindi vyakaran ki samajh ko aur bhi majboot karega.
## Sahi Uttar
**Visheshan mukhya roop se chaar prakar ke hote hain: Gunvachak Visheshan, Sankhyavachak Visheshan, Parimanvachak Visheshan, aur Sarvanamik Visheshan.**
## Vistrit Vyakhya
Visheshan, Hindi vyakaran ka ek mahatvapoorn hissa hai. Yeh shabd sangya ya sarvanam ki visheshta batate hain. Visheshan ke bhedon ko samajhna, sahi vakya rachna ke liye bahut zaroori hai. Aaiye, hum in chaaron prakaron ko vistar se samajhte hain:
### 1. Gunvachak Visheshan (Qualitative Adjective)
Gunvachak visheshan, sangya ya sarvanam ke *gun*, *dosh*, *aakar*, *rang*, *swad*, *dasha*, aur *avastha* ke bare mein batata hai. Yeh visheshan sangya ki **visheshtaon** ko darshata hai.
**Pramukh Bindu:**
* Yeh sangya ke **gun** ya **dosh** ko varnit karta hai.
* Yeh sangya ke **rang**, **roop**, aur **aakar** ko batata hai.
* Yeh sangya ki **dasha** aur **avastha** ko vyakt karta hai.
**Udharan:**
* **Achchha** ladka (Good boy)
* **Bura** aadmi (Bad man)
* **Lamba** ped (Tall tree)
* **Chota** ghar (Small house)
* **Lal** phool (Red flower)
* **Meetha** phal (Sweet fruit)
* **Garm** chai (Hot tea)
* **Thandi** hawa (Cold wind)
* **Beemar** aadmi (Sick man)
* **Swasth** bachcha (Healthy child)
Gunvachak visheshan, sangya ke bare mein adhik jaankari pradan karta hai, jisse vakya ka arth aur bhi spasht ho jata hai.
### 2. Sankhyavachak Visheshan (Numeral Adjective)
Sankhyavachak visheshan, sangya ya sarvanam ki *sankhya* ya *kram* ke bare mein batata hai. Yeh visheshan sangya ki **ginati** ya **number** ko darshata hai.
**Pramukh Bindu:**
* Yeh sangya ki **sankhya** ko nirdharit karta hai.
* Yeh sangya ke **kram** ko batata hai.
* Yeh **nischit** aur **anischit** sankhyaon ko darshata hai.
**Prakar:**
1. **Nischit Sankhyavachak Visheshan (Definite Numeral Adjective):** Yeh visheshan sangya ki nischit sankhya ko batata hai.
* **Ganana Vachak (Cardinal):** Ek, do, teen, char
* **Kram Vachak (Ordinal):** Pahla, dusra, teesra, chautha
* **Aavritti Vachak (Multiplicative):** Dugna, tiguna, chaugana
* **Samuday Vachak (Collective):** Dono, teeno, charo
2. **Anischit Sankhyavachak Visheshan (Indefinite Numeral Adjective):** Yeh visheshan sangya ki anischit sankhya ko batata hai.
* Kuchh, kai, thode, bahut, sabhi
**Udharan:**
* **Ek** ladka (One boy)
* **Do** kitaabein (Two books)
* **Pahla** aadmi (First man)
* **Dusra** ghar (Second house)
* **Dugna** fayda (Double profit)
* **Tiguna** nuksan (Triple loss)
* **Kuchh** log (Some people)
* **Kai** kitaabein (Several books)
* **Thode** chawal (Some rice)
* **Bahut** pani (Much water)
Sankhyavachak visheshan, sangya ki matra ya sankhya ko spasht roop se vyakt karta hai.
### 3. Parimanvachak Visheshan (Quantitative Adjective)
Parimanvachak visheshan, sangya ya sarvanam ki *matra* ya *map* ke bare mein batata hai. Yeh visheshan sangya ki **quantity** ko darshata hai.
**Pramukh Bindu:**
* Yeh sangya ki **matra** ko nirdharit karta hai.
* Yeh sangya ke **map** ko batata hai.
* Yeh **nischit** aur **anischit** matraon ko darshata hai.
**Prakar:**
1. **Nischit Parimanvachak Visheshan (Definite Quantitative Adjective):** Yeh visheshan sangya ki nischit matra ko batata hai.
* Do kilo chini (Two kilograms of sugar)
* Panch meter kapda (Five meters of cloth)
2. **Anischit Parimanvachak Visheshan (Indefinite Quantitative Adjective):** Yeh visheshan sangya ki anischit matra ko batata hai.
* Thoda pani (Some water)
* Bahut doodh (Much milk)
* Kam chini (Less sugar)
* Zyada tel (More oil)
**Udharan:**
* **Do kilo** chini (Two kilograms of sugar)
* **Panch meter** kapda (Five meters of cloth)
* **Thoda** pani (Some water)
* **Bahut** doodh (Much milk)
* **Kam** chini (Less sugar)
* **Zyada** tel (More oil)
Parimanvachak visheshan, sangya ki matra ko sahi tareeke se vyakt karta hai, jisse vakya ka arth spasht hota hai.
### 4. Sarvanamik Visheshan (Demonstrative Adjective)
Sarvanamik visheshan, woh sarvanam hote hain jo sangya se pehle aakar uski visheshta batate hain. Inhe *sanketvachak visheshan* bhi kaha jata hai. Yeh visheshan sangya ki taraf **ishara** karte hain.
**Pramukh Bindu:**
* Yeh sangya ki taraf **sanket** karte hain.
* Yeh sangya ki **visheshta** ko darshate hain.
* Yeh sarvanam se banate hain.
**Udharan:**
* **Yeh** kitaab meri hai (This book is mine)
* **Woh** ghar uska hai (That house is his)
* **Koi** aadmi aaya tha (Some man had come)
* **Kis** ladke ne shor machaya? (Which boy made the noise?)
**Sarvanam aur Sarvanamik Visheshan mein Antar:**
Sarvanam shabd sangya ke badle mein prayog hote hain, jabki sarvanamik visheshan sangya se pehle aakar uski visheshta batate hain.
* **Sarvanam:** Yeh meri kitaab hai. (This is my book.)
* **Sarvanamik Visheshan:** Yeh kitaab meri hai. (This book is mine.)
Sarvanamik visheshan, sangya ko vishesh roop se darshata hai, jisse vakya ka arth aur bhi spasht ho jata hai.
## Key Takeaways
* **Visheshan ke chaar mukhya prakar hote hain:** Gunvachak, Sankhyavachak, Parimanvachak, aur Sarvanamik visheshan.
* **Gunvachak visheshan** sangya ke gun, dosh, rang, roop, aakar, aur dasha ko batata hai.
* **Sankhyavachak visheshan** sangya ki sankhya ya kram ko batata hai, jo nischit ya anischit ho sakti hai.
* **Parimanvachak visheshan** sangya ki matra ya map ko batata hai, jo nischit ya anischit ho sakti hai.
* **Sarvanamik visheshan** sangya ki taraf ishara karta hai aur uski visheshta batata hai.
Umeed hai ki is vistarpoorn vyakhya se aapko **visheshan ke prakaron** ko samajhne mein madad mili hogi. Hindi vyakaran mein visheshan ka sahi upyog vakya ko aur bhi prabhavi bana deta hai. Ab aap in bhedon ko samajhkar apne bhasha kaushal ko aur bhi nikhar sakte hain! Dhanyavaad!
